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Jerusalem – Die umkämpfte heilige Stadt

Jerusalem heute

Jerusalem ist eine bunte Mischung mehrerer Kulturen und Nationalitäten, eine Mischung aus Alt und Neu. Rund 630.000 Menschen leben heute in Israels Hauptstadt. Die größte Stadt des Landes ist Sitz der israelischen Regierung, des Obersten Gerichtshofes, der Ministerien und des Oberrabbinats. Neben der Nationalbibliothek befindet sich hier auch die Gedenkstätte an den Holocaust, Yad Vashem. Die Altstadt Jerusalems bes teht aus einem arabischen, one Jewish, one Armenian and Christian quarters.





Jerusalem yesterday

2500, BC Jerusalem was first mentioned on a clay tablet.
conquered in 1004 BC David the city, "Zion", King Solomon built around 930 BC, the first temple
586 BC . The Babylonians destroy Jerusalem, and hence the temple.
return 70 years later, Jews returned from exile and grow the same place the second Temple.
70 AD After a revolt against Roman rule of the Temple and Jerusalem by Emperor Titus destroyed completely.
136 AD The Roman emperor Hadrian built on the ruins of the Colonia Aelia Capitolina. The Jews is forbidden under pain of death to enter the area.
335 Jerusalem by Constantine the Great Christian.
638 The Caliph Omar conquered Jerusalem I. In the following years is built on the site of the Temple of the Dome of the Rock. In addition, the El-Aqsa mosque is built.
1099 The Crusaders occupy Jerusalem.
1187 Under Saladin the Great f ällt the city back to the Muslims.
1517 conquered, the Turkish Sultan Selim I the city.
1855 The first Jewish settlement outside the city walls will be built.
1917 The British conquer Jerusalem.
1948 The State Israel is founded.
After the 1949 Israeli-Arab war divided the city. The old town with the wailing wall is under Jordanian administration.
1967 In the Six-Day War, Israel captured the Old City of Jerusalem back. The city is declared "eternal capital of Israel." But the Palestinians claim the city continues. East Jerusalem should be capital and seat of government of a future Palestinian state.


importance of Jerusalem for Christians

For Christianity, Jerusalem is the place of activity of Jesus. Here he lived and where he preached . Here he was crucified, and here he is risen. pilgrimage for centuries Christians from around the world to the holy places, like the Holy Sepulchre (in this case, Jesus was laid to rest), the garden of Gethsemane (where he was betrayed by Judas), the site of the Last Supper or the Via Dolorosa with the 14 stations of the Cross. The Bible mentions Jerusalem 656 times is.


importance of Jerusalem to Muslims

addition to Mecca and Medina is the old city of Jerusalem is the third largest sanctuary of Islam. Here is the Temple Mount, the "farthest place of worship" (Arabic: Masjid al-Aqsa), ascended from which the Prophet Muhammad to heaven. Mohammed initially ordered the faithful to the look to turn in prayer towards Jerusalem, until later he appointed as a prayer toward Mecca.

importance of Jerusalem to Jews

For Jews Jerusalem is the center of the Jewish faith. Ren For 300 years, the city focus of Jewish prayer. It was during this temple and settlements and resided here the Jewish kings. Since the 60s of the 20th Century Jerusalem as its "eternal capital of Israel" not only the indivisible religious center but also the political center of Israel. On Passover, one of the highest Jewish holidays, greets you with "Shana-le ha-ba 'a be-ha Irushalajim -benuja "(The next . Year in Jerusalem) "

Source:
http://www.br-online.de